Northern Alliance (NA) nih nizan May 5 ah Kawl ralkap 30 lengkai an thah hna pin ah an hriamhrei zong tam lak te an lak piak hna.
Khet Thit media nihcun nizan i kahnak ah KIA (Kachin) an i tel a ti. Mizzima belte nih cun KIA an telh chih lo, MNDAA (Kokang) le TNLA (Ta’ang) lawng in a langhter. Irrawaddy nih cun Kawl ralkap nih KIA a kah ruang ah NA chungtel nih KIA an bawmh mi si a ti.
NA nih hin hnu April 10 ah khan Lashio khua pawng ummi Naungmon palek sakhan zong an rak kah i, Palek (14) an thah hna. Hi lio ahhin AA (Arakan), MNDAA le TNLA phu thum an rak si.
Northern Alliance cu mizei set dah an si? Zeidah an hmuitinh? An thazaang zeitluk dah a si timi kan hun zoh lai.
Background
Pu Thein Sein nih kum 2011 August 12 ah tlangcung hriamtlai vialte he kahngolnak min kan thut lai tiah a sawm hna. Hriamtlai tampi he ramkulh huap in kahngolnak min an thut hmasa. Cu hnu ah zapi te i fonh in ram pumpi huap kahngol hnatlaknak (NCA) ah telh dingmi biatiam kong an hun ceihti.
Hriamtlai aiawhtu pawl le Kawl cozah aiawhtu pawl nih kum 2013 thawkka hrawng in NCA kong ceihnak cu an thawk. 2015 kum cenceo hrawng ah khan an lim. Minthut ding ready kan si cang tiah Kawl cozah nih an thanh. Nain hriamtlai phu cheukhat pawl kha NCA minthut ding ah a sawm duh hna lo. Mah bak in hriamtlai phu pawl karlak ah i thencheunak a hun i thawk.
NCA minthut ah sawm an si lo
Hi lio [2015] ahhin Kawl cozah nih hriamtlai tiah (official si lem loin) a theihpimi hna hi phu (21) an rak si. Cu chung ahcun phu (15) lawng NCA minthut a sawm hna. Hi an sawm lomi chung ahhin atu Northern Alliance chungtel a simi AA, MNDAA le TNLA hi an i tel. Zei ruang ah?
AA hi cu KIO/KIA bawmh chom in nai te (2009) ah hriam a tlai chommi an si caah KIA nih tuanvo la hna uh, asiloah Rakhine hriamtlai dang [ALP le ANC] he i fonh hmasa uh, an ti hna. Nain aa fonh kho ding phun an rak si lo. Phun dang chim ahcun hi lio [2015] hrawng ahhin AA an rak thawng tuk rih lo. Kawl ralkap zong nih an rak neek ngai rih hna. Anmah Arakan hriamtlai dang pawl lila zong nih zei ah an rak rel hna lo.
TNLA le MNDAA tu hi cu 2015 kum cenceo hrawng ah khan hmunhma khuar duh ruang ah fak taktak in Kawl ralkap he an i kap. Tikah, an mit a kem deuh hna bia khi a si. Cu pin ah riithaisii te hna cawkzuarhnak an tuah tiah an puh hna i, miphun luat nakding ah hriamtlai zong an si lo, ralhrang an si an rak ti hna.
UNFC aa then
Zapi tein an sawm hna lo ruang ah UNFC chung ah ruahnak phun hnih in a chuak - 'phu tling in a kan sawm lo ruang ah minthut ding a si lo' a timi phu pawl, le 'a kan sawm mi vial tal thut chung ding a si ko a taang mi cu a hnu deuh zong ah thut than khawh a si ko’ a timi phu.
Hi lio UNFC ahhin KIA in Gen. N' Ban La nih Chairman a rak tuan. KIA lila cu minthut a duh lo tu an rak si. Thut a duh mi pawl nih, kanmah lawng zong kan thut ko lai an ti caah minthu le thu lo phu tiin an i then i UNFC zong a kuai thainak kha a si.
Lungfahnak in ser mi phu-komh a chuak
President Thein Sein hruaimi USPD cozah nih October 15, 2015 ah hriamtlai phu 8 lawng min a thut pi khawh hna. 2015 November ah tuahmi General Election ah NLD nih teinak an co caah remdaihnak lamtluan cu Aung San Suu Kyi hruaimi cozah nih hun pehding a si.
NLD cozah an kai hnu in a voi khatnak bik an tuah mi Union Peace Conference (UPC) kai ding ah NCA minthu cia he a thu rih lomi he kan sawm dih hna lai tiah an rak chim. Nain a ni lai rirawt a phan i, NCA minthut ah sawm lomi phu thum cu an sawm hoi ti hna lo. NLD cozah nih cun sawm an rak timh ko hna nain Kawl ralkap nih an duh lo ruang tu ah a rak si.
NCA minthut zong ah sawm lomi NLD cozah tlaih hnu in a voi khatnak bik tuahmi Conference zong ah sawm lomi AA, MNDAA le TNLA cu anmah bing tein an i kom i November 2016 ah khan Northern Alliance (NA) tiin phu-komh cu an hun i ser. Phun dang chim ahcun hnu chit an ton ruang ah lungfah komh in aa kom mi an si, ti khawh a si.
Tlawmpal ah KIA nih a telpi hna i, NA cu phu (4) an si. Mah hna hi an phu thum ning in KIA nih ralkap le officer training zeimawzat a pek balmi hna an si. Hriamnam zong a zuarh mi hna an si.
An i hruai ning
NA phu-komh an dir ning hi a hlan i NDF te, UNFC te bantuk in structure thate in tuah i chairman le secretary tbk phun in bu bantuk in van dir khi a si lem lo. Raltuk a herh caan ah i bawmh, phu khat kah an ton caan ah khat lei phu nih bawmh ti khi a biapi in an tuah tawnmi a si. Shan hriamtlai SSPP zong khi a caancaan ahcun NA sin ah aa fonh in ral an tu tawn ve. KIA zong kha an i tel kan ti nain core member taktak le a dirti pengmi cu AA, TNLA le MNDAA khi an si.
NA nih an dirhka in an i tinh bikmi hi a bawm in Kawl ralkap kah i, cabuai cung biaruahnak tiang phak khawh khi a si. Phun dang chim ahcun ‘political voice’ i ser khawh khi a si. Ziah tiahcun NCA minthut ah sawm lo timi cu cabuai cung biaruahnak ding tlak ah rel lo he aa khat ko. Cucaah UPC zong ahcun sawm an rak duh hna lonak kha a si. Phu khat cio an rak thawk ning le an thazaang cio a tawinak in ka hun langhter lai.
An hlawh a tling
NA nih 2017 kum cemcep hrawng khan biatak tein Kawl ralkap cu an kah hna. Anmah le hmunkhuarnak cio in an kah hna pin ah Shanram chaklei ahkhin a bu zong in an kah hna. Kawl ralkap an kah pah hna i, thazaang zong an hun i ser thluahmah.
A dongh marawt ahcun Kawl cozah nih a ton hna. Biaruah an tonmi a ruang pakhatnak bik cu phu-komh in an um i, hriamnam hmang in pressure an pek tuk khawh hna ruang ah a si. Khat lei in an van thatnak dang pakhat cu NCA minthu cia mi EAO le Kawl ralkap karlak remdaih biaruahnak cu 2018 kum cenceo in tluang tein a kal kho ti lo - deadlock. Cucaah Kawl ralkap le cozah nih an hei hramkauh (attention) deuhnak hna a si.
2018 UPC ah an pathum ning in an sawm hna. Mah hnu cun cozah he zong an i pah lengmang i, NCA minthut zong an sawm lengmang cang hna. Nain, NCA minthut hnu in hmunhma khuarnak, zulh dingmi le humhimnak kong ah tlamtling in hnatlaknak an ngeih khawh lo caah an thu kho bel lo.
Arakan Army
AA hi kum 2009 ah khan General Tun Mrat Naing (atu an bawizik khi) le a hawile nih KIA Headquarter Laiza ah an rak dirhmi a si. KIA nih ralthiamnak an chimh hna. Hriamnam zong zeimawzat an rak bawmh hna. Ramleng um Arakan miphun sin ah phaisa bawmhnak an hal ve. Rithaisii chawlehnak an tuah pah, Tuluk sin in bawmhnak an lak pah. Ralkap 7000 hrawng kan um cang an ti. An Headquarter cu Laiza ah an chiah rih. Nain Rakhine ram chaklei, Bangladesh ram, Chinram Paletwa le Mizoram ramri ah khin sakhan tampi an ngei cang.
T’ang National Liberation Army
Anih hi 1992 ah rak dirhmi a si. Shanram nichuah lei kam i Ta'ang (Palaung) miphun aiawhtu an si. A hlan an miphun hriamtlai Palaung State Liberation Organization (PSLO/PSLA) kha 1991 kum ah Kawl cozah he kah ngolnak min an rak thu.
AA hi cu KIO/KIA bawmh chom in nai te (2009) ah hriam a tlai chommi an si caah KIA nih tuanvo la hna uh, asiloah Rakhine hriamtlai dang [ALP le ANC] he i fonh hmasa uh, an ti hna. Nain aa fonh kho ding phun an rak si lo. Phun dang chim ahcun hi lio [2015] hrawng ahhin AA an rak thawng tuk rih lo. Kawl ralkap zong nih an rak neek ngai rih hna. Anmah Arakan hriamtlai dang pawl lila zong nih zei ah an rak rel hna lo.
TNLA le MNDAA tu hi cu 2015 kum cenceo hrawng ah khan hmunhma khuar duh ruang ah fak taktak in Kawl ralkap he an i kap. Tikah, an mit a kem deuh hna bia khi a si. Cu pin ah riithaisii te hna cawkzuarhnak an tuah tiah an puh hna i, miphun luat nakding ah hriamtlai zong an si lo, ralhrang an si an rak ti hna.
UNFC aa then
Zapi tein an sawm hna lo ruang ah UNFC chung ah ruahnak phun hnih in a chuak - 'phu tling in a kan sawm lo ruang ah minthut ding a si lo' a timi phu pawl, le 'a kan sawm mi vial tal thut chung ding a si ko a taang mi cu a hnu deuh zong ah thut than khawh a si ko’ a timi phu.
Hi lio UNFC ahhin KIA in Gen. N' Ban La nih Chairman a rak tuan. KIA lila cu minthut a duh lo tu an rak si. Thut a duh mi pawl nih, kanmah lawng zong kan thut ko lai an ti caah minthu le thu lo phu tiin an i then i UNFC zong a kuai thainak kha a si.
Lungfahnak in ser mi phu-komh a chuak
President Thein Sein hruaimi USPD cozah nih October 15, 2015 ah hriamtlai phu 8 lawng min a thut pi khawh hna. 2015 November ah tuahmi General Election ah NLD nih teinak an co caah remdaihnak lamtluan cu Aung San Suu Kyi hruaimi cozah nih hun pehding a si.
NLD cozah an kai hnu in a voi khatnak bik an tuah mi Union Peace Conference (UPC) kai ding ah NCA minthu cia he a thu rih lomi he kan sawm dih hna lai tiah an rak chim. Nain a ni lai rirawt a phan i, NCA minthut ah sawm lomi phu thum cu an sawm hoi ti hna lo. NLD cozah nih cun sawm an rak timh ko hna nain Kawl ralkap nih an duh lo ruang tu ah a rak si.
NCA minthut zong ah sawm lomi NLD cozah tlaih hnu in a voi khatnak bik tuahmi Conference zong ah sawm lomi AA, MNDAA le TNLA cu anmah bing tein an i kom i November 2016 ah khan Northern Alliance (NA) tiin phu-komh cu an hun i ser. Phun dang chim ahcun hnu chit an ton ruang ah lungfah komh in aa kom mi an si, ti khawh a si.
Tlawmpal ah KIA nih a telpi hna i, NA cu phu (4) an si. Mah hna hi an phu thum ning in KIA nih ralkap le officer training zeimawzat a pek balmi hna an si. Hriamnam zong a zuarh mi hna an si.
An i hruai ning
NA phu-komh an dir ning hi a hlan i NDF te, UNFC te bantuk in structure thate in tuah i chairman le secretary tbk phun in bu bantuk in van dir khi a si lem lo. Raltuk a herh caan ah i bawmh, phu khat kah an ton caan ah khat lei phu nih bawmh ti khi a biapi in an tuah tawnmi a si. Shan hriamtlai SSPP zong khi a caancaan ahcun NA sin ah aa fonh in ral an tu tawn ve. KIA zong kha an i tel kan ti nain core member taktak le a dirti pengmi cu AA, TNLA le MNDAA khi an si.
NA nih an dirhka in an i tinh bikmi hi a bawm in Kawl ralkap kah i, cabuai cung biaruahnak tiang phak khawh khi a si. Phun dang chim ahcun ‘political voice’ i ser khawh khi a si. Ziah tiahcun NCA minthut ah sawm lo timi cu cabuai cung biaruahnak ding tlak ah rel lo he aa khat ko. Cucaah UPC zong ahcun sawm an rak duh hna lonak kha a si. Phu khat cio an rak thawk ning le an thazaang cio a tawinak in ka hun langhter lai.
An hlawh a tling
NA nih 2017 kum cemcep hrawng khan biatak tein Kawl ralkap cu an kah hna. Anmah le hmunkhuarnak cio in an kah hna pin ah Shanram chaklei ahkhin a bu zong in an kah hna. Kawl ralkap an kah pah hna i, thazaang zong an hun i ser thluahmah.
A dongh marawt ahcun Kawl cozah nih a ton hna. Biaruah an tonmi a ruang pakhatnak bik cu phu-komh in an um i, hriamnam hmang in pressure an pek tuk khawh hna ruang ah a si. Khat lei in an van thatnak dang pakhat cu NCA minthu cia mi EAO le Kawl ralkap karlak remdaih biaruahnak cu 2018 kum cenceo in tluang tein a kal kho ti lo - deadlock. Cucaah Kawl ralkap le cozah nih an hei hramkauh (attention) deuhnak hna a si.
2018 UPC ah an pathum ning in an sawm hna. Mah hnu cun cozah he zong an i pah lengmang i, NCA minthut zong an sawm lengmang cang hna. Nain, NCA minthut hnu in hmunhma khuarnak, zulh dingmi le humhimnak kong ah tlamtling in hnatlaknak an ngeih khawh lo caah an thu kho bel lo.
Arakan Army
AA hi kum 2009 ah khan General Tun Mrat Naing (atu an bawizik khi) le a hawile nih KIA Headquarter Laiza ah an rak dirhmi a si. KIA nih ralthiamnak an chimh hna. Hriamnam zong zeimawzat an rak bawmh hna. Ramleng um Arakan miphun sin ah phaisa bawmhnak an hal ve. Rithaisii chawlehnak an tuah pah, Tuluk sin in bawmhnak an lak pah. Ralkap 7000 hrawng kan um cang an ti. An Headquarter cu Laiza ah an chiah rih. Nain Rakhine ram chaklei, Bangladesh ram, Chinram Paletwa le Mizoram ramri ah khin sakhan tampi an ngei cang.
T’ang National Liberation Army
Anih hi 1992 ah rak dirhmi a si. Shanram nichuah lei kam i Ta'ang (Palaung) miphun aiawhtu an si. A hlan an miphun hriamtlai Palaung State Liberation Organization (PSLO/PSLA) kha 1991 kum ah Kawl cozah he kah ngolnak min an rak thu.
Cu hnu ah a chuakmi a si. PSLO cu kum 2005 ah hriamnam kaltak in Kawl cozah kut ah an i ap thai. TNLA cu Ralkap 5000 lengkai an ngei. An headquarter cu Namsanh ah a si.
Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army
MNDAA hi 1989 ah dirhmi a si. An dirh tlawmpal ah kahngolnak an thutpi hna. Border Guard Force ah luhter an timh hna caah an i duh lo i an i kap pah lengmang.
Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army
MNDAA hi 1989 ah dirhmi a si. An dirh tlawmpal ah kahngolnak an thutpi hna. Border Guard Force ah luhter an timh hna caah an i duh lo i an i kap pah lengmang.
Kum 2015 kum hramthawk hrawng khan Kokang miphun an umnak khi lak an timh i, fak ngai in Kawl ralkap an rak phomh hna. Ralkap thazaang 3000 hrawng an ngei. An Headquarter hi Hongyan ah a si. An cawlcanghnak bik le sakhan an khuar biknak hmun cu anmah Kokang miphun an umnak Mong Koe le Laukkai ah khin a si.
Kachin Independent Army
1961 ah rak dirhmi a si. U Nu nih Buddhist kha national religion ah upadi ser in a chiah caah a rak duh lo i, hriam a tlaimi an si tiah zapi nih hngalhmi a si. Nain a taktak ahcun hi lawng si loin Panglong Agreement ning in Kawl hruaitu pawl nih Union of Burma a rak kan kalpi lomi kha a hrihhram taktak cu a si. An control khawh mi ram chung ah suikhur, lungvar le tlor tbk an lak i siipuazi an tuah kho.
Kachin Independent Army
1961 ah rak dirhmi a si. U Nu nih Buddhist kha national religion ah upadi ser in a chiah caah a rak duh lo i, hriam a tlaimi an si tiah zapi nih hngalhmi a si. Nain a taktak ahcun hi lawng si loin Panglong Agreement ning in Kawl hruaitu pawl nih Union of Burma a rak kan kalpi lomi kha a hrihhram taktak cu a si. An control khawh mi ram chung ah suikhur, lungvar le tlor tbk an lak i siipuazi an tuah kho.
Hriamnak sernak sehzung an ngei. An institution a feh caah Kawlram hriamtlai lak ah aa thenhmal lo bik zong an si. An Headquarter cu Laiza ah a um. Ralkap thazaang 12,000 lengkai an ngei. A cung lei ka langhtermi phu thum telh in Kawlram i hriamtlai phu a chuakka mi phu tampi khi KIA nih ralthiamnak a pek mi hna an si.