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| Photo - Eleven Media Group |
Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA) cu Kawlram pumpi huap in tlangcung hriamtlai phu hna le Kawl cozah karlak ah kahngol hnatlaknak a si.
2011 kum ah President Thein Sein nih tlangcung hriamtlai phu vialte (Ethnic Armed Organizations, a tawinak in EAO tiah ka hman lai) he remdaihnak kan tuah lai i, ramkhel biaruahnak zong kan tuah lai tiah a thanh. EAO chung in phu tampi nih President Thein Sein cathanh cu an cohlan i, remdaihnak serhram an hun thawk.
Dot hnih lamtluan
Remdaihnak lamtluan ahhin a biapi in dot hnih a um; a dot khatnak cu kahngolnak minsen thut ding; a dot hnihnak cu ramkhel biaruahnak tuah ding.
A dot khatnak kong ah thil pahnih a um; Kawl cozah lei EAO karlak phu khat tete in minthut (bilateral ceasefire) timi le Kawl cozah lei EAO zapi fonh in minthut (nationwide ceasefire) timi an si.
Bilateral ceasefire kong ahhin ramkulh level le ramkomh level tiin pahnih an then than. Tahchunhnak ah, CNF a voi khatnak bik ramchung an luh i 2012 January 6 ni Hakha ah ramkulh (pyine) level in kahngolnak min an thutmi kha a si. Ramkomh level in CNF nih min a rak thut cu 12 May 2012, Rangoon ah a si.
Hriamtlai dang zong nih dot hnih in kahngolnak min thut cio a si [KIO tu khi 1994 ah kan rak thut cia mi a um ko, thut hau ti lo, an ti i, thu loin an um thai]. Cu hnu ah hriamtlai (EAO) zapi fonh in voi khat ah Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA) minthut cu a si.
NCA hnatlaknak hi cahmai 14 in dal (7) le caang (33) a um. Dal (1)nak hi cu federal ramkomh ser te tik ca i hrambunh ah hman dingmi principle an si. Dal (2)nak ahcun NCA i a hmuitinh le a huap khawhnak a si. Dal (3)nak le dal (4)nak hi kahngol hnatlaknak he ai pehtlaimi, zulhphung le caansau a nguh khawh nakding he aa pehtlaimi an si. Dal (5) cu ramkhel biaruahnak a tluan khawh nakhnga caah tialmi a si. Dal (6)nak cu kaphnih karlak ah zumhreihnak ser a herhmi he ai pehtlaimi le Dal (7)nak cu a herhmi dangdang (general) an si.
President Thein Sein nih remdaihnak lamtluan kalpi ding a thanh hnu in NCA minthut khawh ding ahhin kum 4 a rau. Zapi huap kahngol hnatlaknak (NCA) chung ah telh chih dingmi kong a ceihtu ding ah Pu Thein Sein cozah lei he EAO lei he aiawhtu phu an i thlah veve.
Pu Thein Sein cozah aiawhtu phu cu Union Peace Working Committee (UPWC) an si i, Pu Aung Min nih a hruai hna. EAO aiawhtu phu cu Nationwide Ceasefire Coordination Team (NCCT) an ti hna i New Mon State Party (MNSP) in Naing Hung Sar nih a hruai hna. Hi phu ah CNF in Dr. Lian Hmung Sakhong ai tel.
[Relchih]
NCCT le UPWC cu voi 7 khengte an i ton hnu ah NCA cu an hun ser khawh. President nih remdaihnak tuah ding in a auh hna kha 12 August 2011 ah a si i, a voi khatnak NCA hnatlaknak min thut hi October 15, 2015 ah a si. Hi lio ahhin hriamtlai phu 21 lak ah phu 8 lawng nih min an rak thut. February 13, 2018 ah phu hnih nih an thut chap caah atu tiang ah NCA minthu khomi phu (10) an si.
NCA hnatlaknak minthu cangmi phu hna;
- All Burma Students’ Democratic Front (ABSDF)
- Arakan Libration Party (ALP)
- Chin Naitonal Front (CNF)
- Democratic Karen Benevolent Army (DKBA)
- Karen National Union (KNU)
- Karen National Union/Karen National Libration Army- Peace Council (KNU/KNLA-PC)
- Lahu Democratic Union (LDU)
- New Mon State Party (NMSP)
- Pa’O National Libration Organization (PNLO)
- Restoration Council for Shan State (RCSS/SSA)
NCA minthut duh lo phu
Zei ruang ah dah atu tiang ah NCA min a thu rih lomi an um peng rih timi le 2015 lio ah khan an rak thut duh lo timi hi theih tha ngai a si. A ruang pakhatnak ah ai telmi cu hriamtlai phu 21 an um tiah Kawl cozah nih theihpinak a ngeih ko nain NCA minthut taktak ding ah phu 15 lawng a sawm hna. Kan zate in kan i tel awk a si tiah a ruatmi pawl nih lungtlin lonak an ngei.
Pahnihnak cu Pu Thein Sein hruaimi USDP party kha kum 2015 thimnak ah an sung, NLD nih cozah hun tlaih colh ding a si. Aung San Suu Kyi nih, "NCA minthut hi i rianranh tuk ding a si lo" a ti. Anmah [NLD] nih cozah an tlaih ding kha rak kan hngak hna seh ti khi a duhmi a si. Thein Sein credit pekter duh lo khi a chunglei ruahnak taktak cu a si.
NCA cung ah soiselnak
Mahti minthut duhlo an hun um cun NCA hnatlaknak cung ah soiselnak le lungtlin lonak um hram a hun i thawk. A bik in NCA Dal (6), caang (22-d)nak zawn hi a si. Hika zawn ai tialmi cu;
“Union Peace Conference ah hnatlak mi hna hrambunh in phunghram le upadi hna cu a herh ning in remh, chap, hnon tibantuk tuah tikah ‘tuah tawn ningkel’ in tuah a si lai tiah kan lung a tling”.
Hi zawnte ah an duh lo biknak cu “tuah tawn ningkel in” hi a si. Tuah tawn ning kel nih a sawh duhmi cu 2008 Kawlram Phunghrampi ah ai tialmi ning tein tinak khi a si. Phunghrampi remhning kong cu 2008 Kawlram Phunghrampi ah tialciami a si i, ralkap duhnak tel loin remh khawh lo ding in an tuahmi a si.
Union Accord ah phunghram remh dingmi hnatlaknak ngei hmanh hna selaw Hluttaw i an va chuahpi tik ah ralkap nih an duh lo ahcun remh khawh a si hlei lai lo, timi ruahnak khi a si.
Phan awk a um lo
Khat lei belte ah, “hi zawn ah phan awk a um lo” tiah a timi upa cheukhat zong an um. Ralkap aiawhtu pawl hi Hluttaw lawng siloin peace process zong ah ai telmi an si. Union Accord hnatlaknak tuah cangmi cu ralkap zong nih an duh tinak a si lai caah Hluttaw a phanh tik zong ah ralkap nih an doh nakding a um lem lo, tiah a ruat mi an um. Dr. Lian Hmung Sakhong zong nih a chim bal.
Kahngolhnak minthut lawng ah Conference kai khawh
NCA kahngol hnatlaknak minthut khawh lawng ah tuan deuh ka langhtermi (a dot hnihnak) ramkhel biaruahnak ah khan i tel khawh a si. Cucaah Kachin Independent Organization (KIO), Arakan Army tbk min a thu rih lomi pawl khi Union Peace Conference -21st Century Panglong ah an i tel lonak a si. A caancaan i a va kai ve tawnmi khi cu observer sawhsawh in an sawm tawnmi hna a si.
NCA minthu lomi hriamtlai phu
- Arakan Army (AA)
- Arakan National Council (ANC)
- Kachin Independent Organization (KIO)
- Shan State Progressive Party (SSPP)
- United Wa State Party (UWSP)
- Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA)
- T’ang National Library Army (TNLA)
- National Democratic Alliance Army (NDAA)
- National Socialist Council of Nagaland – Khaplang (NSCN-K)
- Karenni National Progressive Party (KNPP)
- Wa National Organization (WNO)
UWSA le NDAA khi cu Tuluk velchum tang ah thuk tuk in a um cangmi an si pin ah, federal le democracy zong a interest lomi an si. Atu anmah uk khawh mi hmunhma ah khin communist ukning phung an hmang cuahmah caah. NCA minthu ding zong ah ruahchan mi an si lo.